20 answers to quiz

Question 1. 1. Nagel argues that the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were just like what other kind of action, just on a larger scale? (Points : 1)       Killing the wife and child of someone attacking you in order to distract him from his attack.

      Bombing a munitions factory and killing some of the civilian workers inside.

      Firing at an enemy soldier and hitting an innocent bystander with a stray bullet.

      Bombing a convoy of enemy soldiers. 

Question 2. 2. According to Kant, persons: (Points : 1)       are rational beings.

      must always be regarded as an end.

      have absolute value.

      all of the above.

Question 3. 3. Which one of these is not

a way of expressing Kant’s Categorical Imperative? (Points : 1)

      Act as if the maxim of your action were to become by your will a universal law.

      Act that you use humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means.

      Act so that the maxim of your action ensures the satisfaction of your desires.

      None of the above.

Question 4. 4. Kant explains that respect for a person is: (Points : 1)       the recognition of the worth of the person’s potential contribution to society.

      dependent upon whether the person respects others.

      both A and B

      none of the above.

Question 5. 5. In the video “What is Just War Theory?” Michael Walzer states that a core idea of Just War Theory (Points : 1)       requires us to imagine the rules of war as they would apply to a peaceful, civil society

      requires us to judge the conduct of a war independently of the character of the war

      requires us to imagine that a war is like a bank robbery, and that the just warrior defending his country has rights the unjust warrior invading his country does not have

      none of the above

Question 6. 6. In the video, “Drones Are Ethical and Effective,” Kenneth Anderson argues that the use of drones is ethical because

@The answer can be found in the video “Drones Are Ethical and Effective” (Points : 1)

      it provides a greater separation between the target and operator

      it allows us to maintain a list of high value targets

      it is more precise than other forms of weaponry

      none of the above

Question 7. 7. Which would be an example of a hypothetical imperative, according to Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals: (Points : 1)       If I want to keep my customers, I should be honest with them.

      It would be nice if everyone respected each other.

      I ought never to make a promise that I don’t intend to keep.

      all of the above.

Question 8. 8. In Kant Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, the maxim of an act is: (Points : 1)       the policy or principle that you would be following if you did it.

      the expected overall utility resulting from the action.

      the moral rule that an act either respects or violates .

      all of the above.

Question 9. 9. Nagel’s argument that hostility or aggression should be directed at its true object means that which of the following would probably not be permissible? (Points : 1)       Torturing a prisoner to get the names of his confederates.

      Attacking an enemy country’s agricultural system.

      Bombing major cultural centers.

      All of the above. 

Question 10. 10. According to Thomas Nagel’s article, “War and Massacre,” the absolutist position that creates no problems of interpretation is (Points : 1)       rule utilitarianism

      act utilitarianism

      pacifism

      humanitarian intervention

Question 11. 11. According to Nagel, to which of the following groups of people is hostility most appropriately aimed? (Points : 1)       Innocents

      Civilians

      Combatants

      Non-combatants

Question 12. 12. In the article “War and Massacre,” Thomas Nagel argues that moral absolutism (Points : 1)       is consistent with the principles of utilitarianism

      can be used to justify genocide

      is primarily concerned with what a person is doing

      is primarily concerned with the outcome of a person’s actions

Question 13. 13. Kant argues that when I find someone in need: (Points : 1)       I should give whatever spare resources I have unless it makes me worse off than the person I’m trying to help.

      I should consider a world in which no one helped me when I was in need, recognize that I could never will such a world, and help them in the best way that I can.

      I should sympathize with them, but recognize that the world is better off overall if we each only look after our own interests.

      I should remember that as autonomous beings they are responsible for their own situation, and thus that I have no responsibility to help them out.

Question 14. 14. According to Nagel, which of the following may be permitted by absolutism, at least in some circumstances? (Points : 1)       Intentionally killing an innocent person

      Doing something that brings about an innocent person’s death

      Dropping a nuclear bomb on an enemy city

      Torturing an innocent person

Question 15. 15. Kant argues that we should never use people as a means: (Points : 1)       unless we are certain that it benefits the majority.

      unless we are certain that it is to their own long-term benefit.

      unless we are respecting their rational autonomy at the same time.

      for any purpose whatsoever.

Question 16. 16. According to the video “Religion, War, and Violence,” proponents of Just War Theory agree that without the restraints of Just War Theory (Points : 1)       the violence and aggression of war would be worse

      humanitarian intervention would be more successful

      prisoners and noncombatants would have greater equality

      none of the above

Question 17. 17. Reason is a faculty that we have that: (Points : 1)       is only good if it succeeds in satisfying our desires.

      is the driving principle of a good will.

      is the fundamental ground of human dignity.

      both B and C

Question 18. 18. Jeremy Waldron argues that the current use of drone warfare is unethical because (Points : 1)       it is conducted by unlawful combatants such as CIA personnel who are not subject to military ethics

      it is conducted by individuals who are thousands of miles removed from targets

      it may result in unintended civilian casualties

      all of the above

Question 19. 19. According to the video “Religion, War, and Violence,” Just War Theory asserts that military intervention (Points : 1)       can be seen as an act of altruism

      must always have an altruistic component

      must be primarily an act of altruism

      must never have an altruistic component

Question 20. 20. Jeremy Waldron argues that drone warfare is neither ethical or effective because it (Points : 1)       threatens a world of death lists and death squads

      promotes the growth of terrorism

      inhibits the development of counter-terrorism strategies

      all of the above

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